Monstera vs Split Leaf Philodendron: Similarities and Differences

If you’ve ever strolled through a garden center or browsed houseplant hashtags on social media, you’ve likely seen the Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron taking up the spotlight. While they often receive praise for their lush, tropical foliage, there’s a common mix-up that might surprise you.

Despite appearing remarkably similar at first glance, Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron are distinct plants with their own unique traits and growth habits.

While they share a family – the Arum family – and evoke a similar tropical vibe, their care requirements, growth patterns, and even their placement in your home will diverge. So as you’re deciding which plant might be your next green companion, knowing these differences can help you choose the right one to suit your space and lifestyle.

Taxonomy and Botanical Characteristics

Understanding Genera and Species

Monstera and Philodendron are two distinct genera within the Araceae family, which you might know as aroids. While they share a family, each genus comprises different species.

The species in the conversation here are the Monstera deliciosa and Thaumatophyllum Bipinnatifidum (common names: split-leaf philodendron, lacy tree philodendron, selloum, horsehead philodendron) often mistakenly thought to fall under the same species due to their similar appearance.

• Monstera deliciosa, sometimes referred to as the Swiss cheese plant, is a species within the Monstera genus.
• Thaumatophyllum bipinnatifidum is a species within the Philodendron genus.

Defining Features of Monstera and Philodendron

When examining Monstera deliciosa and Philodendron bipinnatifidum, you’ll want to focus on the leaf structure to differentiate between the two.

Monsteras are celebrated for their striking leaves:

• Large, glossy, with natural holes called fenestrations
• Heart-shaped when mature, spanning up to three feet long

Philodendrons, in contrast, feature:

• Large leaves with a more feathered shape
• Deep, distinct splits without the fenestration seen in Monsteras

Physical Appearances

When you’re trying to distinguish between Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron, the key lies in their physical appearances. From the shape and size of their leaves to their overall growth patterns, these details will help you tell these two plants apart.

Plant Size and Shape

Monsteras are climbers, tending to grow larger in both leaf and plant size. They develop a broad, spreading shape as the glossy leaves can reach an impressive span, sometimes over two feet across when grown indoors.

The Split Leaf Philodendron, on the other hand, generally doesn’t reach the same lofty dimensions. It grows upward and outward with a less climbing habit compared to its Monstera counterparts. Yet, the leaf size is nothing to overlook, as it can still contribute significantly to the plant’s leaf appearance but stays modest in comparison to the vast expanse of a mature Monstera leaf.

Cultivation and Care

Caring for Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron requires understanding their specific needs for soil, water, light, and nutrition.

Soil and Water Requirements

Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron will flourish in well-draining soil that retains moisture without becoming waterlogged. A mix of potting soil, peat, and perlite usually does the trick, keeping the soil consistently moist but not overly wet.

Watering Guide:

• Monstera: Water every 1-2 weeks, allowing soil to dry out between waterings
• Split Leaf Philodendron: Water when the top inch of soil feels dry

Light and Temperature Conditions

Both Monsteras and Split Leaf Philodendrons are tropical plants that love indirect sunlight. Direct sunlight can scorch their leaves, so place them where they can receive bright to medium indirect light.

Optimal Conditions:

• Light: Bright to medium indirect sunlight
• Temperature: Between 65-85°F (18-29°C)
• Humidity: High humidity levels mimic their native tropical environment

Fertilizing and Repotting

Feeding your houseplants the right fertilizer helps them grow strong and healthy. During the growing season (spring and summer), fertilize your Monstera and Philodendron once a month with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer.

When it comes to repotting, these plants will show you they’re ready when you see aerial roots growing out of the pot. Typically, repotting every 2-3 years is sufficient. Use a pot that’s 1-2 inches larger to encourage growth.

Repotting Steps:

1. Gently remove the plant from its current pot.
2. Trim any excessively long roots, being careful not to damage the root system.
3. Place the plant in a new pot with fresh soil, and water evenly.

Environmental Adaptations and Growth

Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendrons have each adapted to their environments, boasting unique growth habits and preferences that are a direct result of their origins.

Monstera Deliciosa grows towards the rainforest canopy, developing fenestrated leaves that allow light through and reduce wind resistance. This feature, combined with its aerial roots for moisture and nutrient absorption, showcases its adaptation for survival in dense forests.

Philodendron Bipinnatifidum, with its deeply cut leaves, maximizes photosynthesis while maintaining stability in its windy habitat. It tends to grow more horizontally, adapting to the lower light levels found on the forest floor.

Both Monstera and the Split Leaf Philodendron originate from the lush rainforests of Central and South America, including regions like Mexico. These plants thrive in humid conditions, making the dense, moist habitat of rainforests ideal for their growth.

• Monstera: Prefers the dappled light of a rainforest canopy and typically grows as an epiphyte, meaning it attaches itself to other trees.
• Split Leaf Philodendron: Often grows on the rainforest floor and enjoys a more shaded environment.

Growth Habit and Rate

Common Concerns and Additional Information

Toxicity and Pet Safety

You love your plants, and you love your pets, but sometimes the two don’t mix well. Here’s the deal: both Monstera and Split Leaf Philodendron contain calcium oxalate crystals, which can cause discomfort if ingested.

So, keep an eye out for these symptoms in pets:

• Mouth irritation: They might drool or paw at their mouth.
• Gastrointestinal upset: Watch out for vomiting or difficulty swallowing.

When leaves are ingested by cats or dogs, it can lead to a series of uncomfortable and distressing symptoms. These include oral irritation, evidenced by excessive drooling or pawing at the mouth, as well as gastrointestinal upset, which may manifest as vomiting or difficulty swallowing.

While these symptoms are not fatal, they can cause significant discomfort and distress to pets. As such, pet owners should exercise caution by keeping these plants out of reach.

Propagation and Common Pests

Propagation:

Monstera and Philodendron can be propagated from stem cuttings. These cuttings should include at least one leaf and a node, which is where new growth will stem from.

You can propagate these in water until roots form, then plant them in soil.

Common Pests:

Both plants can fall victim to pests. Here are some you might encounter:

• Spider mites: Small and spider-like, it’s a common indoor plant pest.
• Mealybugs: These pests look like little cottony spots on your plants.
• Thrips: Tiny insects that can cause discolored or stippled leaves.

To manage these pests, regularly inspect your plants and tackle any infestations early with insecticidal soaps or neem oil treatments.

Decorative Uses and Styling

Monstera

Ever dreamed of that perfect Instagram-worthy corner that just oozes chic? The Monstera is your go-to! With its grandeur, it’s a statement plant that thrives in large spaces.

Just envision it in a sun-drenched corner of your living room, bringing that boho vibe to life or complementing a sleek, minimalist design. It’s not just a plant; it’s a centerpiece that commands the room. Can’t you already picture your friends gushing over it?

Split Leaf Philodendron

Now, imagine adding a touch of the tropics to your home office or cozy reading nook. The Split Leaf Philodendron does just that—it injects a lush, verdant feel into any space.

Ideal for that mid-century modern or eclectic aesthetic, it takes your decor to the next level. You know those stylish decorative pots you’ve seen or those whimsical macrame hangers? Pair them with this beauty, and voila, you have transformed a mundane corner into an enchanting green haven.

Decor tips for both:

• Go big with oversized decorative pots to make a bold statement.
• Think about leaf placement; let them create a natural flow in your space.
• Don’t forget to consider lighting—these tropical lovelies adore indirect sunlight.